LISEH Spring School SPARQL 2021.ipynb

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    "slideshow": {
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   "source": [
    "from IPython.display import Image\n",
    "from IPython.core.display import HTML"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import sys\n",
    "from rdflib import Graph,URIRef\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "pd.set_option(\"display.width\",100)\n",
    "pd.set_option(\"display.max_colwidth\",80)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
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   "source": [
    "# Introduction\n",
    "* How to query the web of data\n",
    "* SPARQL / RestAPIs\n",
    "* Presentation uses:\n",
    "    * Python 3.9\n",
    "    * Jupyter notebook\n",
    "    * RDFlib\n",
    "    * requests\n",
    "    * pyleaflet"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
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   "source": [
    "# Usage with Google Colab\n",
    "* Go to https://github.com/sennierer/liseh_sparql_2021 and fork the repo\n",
    "* Go to https://colab.research.google.com/ and connect your GitHub account to Google Colab\n",
    "* Select the forked repo and fire up the notebook"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
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   "source": [
    "# SPARQL\n",
    "* Query language for the semantic web\n",
    "* since 2008 W3C recommendation\n",
    "* since 2013 SPARQL 1.1 W3C recommendation"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "source": [
    "![title](img/sparql_anatomy.png)"
   ]
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
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     "slide_type": "slide"
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   "source": [
    "# SPARQL\n",
    "* Several \n",
    "    * SELECT: select values and return them (we will only use that)\n",
    "    * CONSTRUCT: create a new Graph\n",
    "    * ASK: Boolean (True/False)\n",
    "    * DESCRIBE: Describe a resource"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
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   "source": [
    "![title](img/4_types_sparql.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
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   "source": [
    "### Representational State Transfer (Rest)\n",
    "* set of software architectual constraints to be used for web services\n",
    "* requests made to a resource's URI will elicit a response with a payload (in JSON, XML etc)\n",
    "    * response can e.g. be a confirmation that an operation on the resource has been done\n",
    "    * or a hyperlinked relation to another resource"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "### most common HTTP methods\n",
    "* GET: Retrieve data\n",
    "* POST: Create new data\n",
    "* PUT: Update whole object\n",
    "* PATCH: Update part of the object\n",
    "* DELETE: Delete object"
   ]
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  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
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   "source": [
    "### HTTP Header\n",
    "* used to define operating parameters\n",
    "    * Accept: Used to set the media type that is accepted by the request: \"Accept: application/json\"\n",
    "    * Accept-Charset: encoding that is accepted: \"utf-8\"\n",
    "    * Authorization: Authentication credentials: \"Token TOKEN\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
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   "source": [
    "### Some useful examples for Rest services in the DH\n",
    "* Lobid: https://lobid.org/\n",
    "* VIAF: https://platform.worldcat.org/api-explorer/apis\n",
    "* Peripleo (Pelagios): https://github.com/pelagios/peripleo/blob/master/README.md\n",
    "* ACDHs enrich service: https://enrich.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/\n",
    "* ACDHs APIS ÖBL instance: https://apis.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api\n",
    "* ACDHs HistoGIS: https://histogis.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/\n",
    "* ACDHs spacyapp: https://spacyapp.acdh-dev.oeaw.ac.at/query/nlppipeline/"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "source": [
    "# SPARQL query against local RDF"
   ]
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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
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    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
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   "source": [
    "# only needed if libs have not been installed yet or the notebook is running in colab!\n",
    "# !pip install requests pandas rdflib ipyleaflet"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
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   "source": [
    "g=Graph()"
   ]
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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "fragment"
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     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<Graph identifier=Nff1044781b0749e3aa16d00f69cc97eb (<class 'rdflib.graph.Graph'>)>"
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    "\n",
    "g.parse('https://d-nb.info/gnd/118566512/about/lds.rdf')"
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   "execution_count": 20,
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       "20                        https://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd#gndIdentifier   \n",
       "21                   https://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd#oldAuthorityNumber   \n",
       "22                                            http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs   \n",
       "23                                            http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs   \n",
       "24                                            http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs   \n",
       "25                   https://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd#geographicAreaCode   \n",
       "26      https://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd#preferredNameEntityForThePerson   \n",
       "27                                            http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs   \n",
       "28  https://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd#biographicalOrHistoricalInformation   \n",
       "29                              https://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd#surname   \n",
       "30                          https://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd#affiliation   \n",
       "31                   https://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd#gndSubjectCategory   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                                   2  \n",
       "0                                    https://d-nb.info/gnd/4077258-5  \n",
       "1                                    https://d-nb.info/gnd/4066009-6  \n",
       "2                                    https://d-nb.info/gnd/121036073  \n",
       "3                                                              Bruno  \n",
       "4    https://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd#DifferentiatedPerson  \n",
       "5                        https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno_Kreisky  \n",
       "6                                                     Kreisky, Bruno  \n",
       "7                  http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/  \n",
       "8                              http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q44517  \n",
       "9                  https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gender#male  \n",
       "10                                   https://d-nb.info/gnd/4046517-2  \n",
       "11                                                (DE-588c)4032993-8  \n",
       "12                                                        1911-01-22  \n",
       "13                             https://d-nb.info/gnd/118566512/about  \n",
       "14                                            Politiker, Oesterreich  \n",
       "15                                     http://viaf.org/viaf/31998484  \n",
       "16                                   https://d-nb.info/gnd/4066009-6  \n",
       "17                                                        1990-07-29  \n",
       "18  https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-AT  \n",
       "19                                               2019-07-10T17:25:44  \n",
       "20                                                         118566512  \n",
       "21                                                (DE-588a)118566512  \n",
       "22  http://www.filmportal.de/person/5B113A52F8F14A879694D08C56BCEE81  \n",
       "23                             http://isni.org/isni/0000000112608767  \n",
       "24                            http://id.loc.gov/rwo/agents/n50043948  \n",
       "25  https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-SE  \n",
       "26                                 Na013f0bd39184ce18a18c70b16d0be9a  \n",
       "27                         http://dbpedia.org/resource/Bruno_Kreisky  \n",
       "28                                           Bundeskanzler 1970-1983  \n",
       "29                                                           Kreisky  \n",
       "30                                   https://d-nb.info/gnd/2029382-3  \n",
       "31                https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gnd-sc#16.5p  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "properties = g.query(\"\"\"\n",
    "   SELECT ?s ?p ?o \n",
    "   WHERE {\n",
    "      ?s ?p ?o .\n",
    "   }\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "df_kreisky =  pd.DataFrame(properties)\n",
    "df_kreisky"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>32</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "    0\n",
       "0  32"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "properties = g.query(\"\"\"\n",
    "   SELECT (COUNT(*) AS ?cnt) {\n",
    "      ?s ?p ?o .\n",
    "   }\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "df_kreisky =  pd.DataFrame(properties)\n",
    "df_kreisky"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "source": [
    "### Example SPARQL request wikidata"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "fragment"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from SPARQLWrapper import SPARQLWrapper, JSON\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "import requests"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "fragment"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sparql = SPARQLWrapper(\"https://query.wikidata.org/sparql\")\n",
    "sparql.setQuery(\"\"\"\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "  ?country ?population ?gnd ?capital\n",
    "WHERE {\n",
    "  ?country wdt:P31 wd:Q261543.\n",
    "  ?country wdt:P1082 ?population .\n",
    "  ?country wdt:P227 ?gnd .\n",
    "  ?country wdt:P36 ?capital\n",
    "}\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)\n",
    "results = sparql.query().convert()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'head': {'vars': ['country', 'population', 'gnd', 'capital']},\n",
       " 'results': {'bindings': [{'country': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37985'},\n",
       "    'capital': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41753'},\n",
       "    'population': {'datatype': 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal',\n",
       "     'type': 'literal',\n",
       "     'value': '561293'},\n",
       "    'gnd': {'type': 'literal', 'value': '4029175-3'}},\n",
       "   {'country': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38981'},\n",
       "    'capital': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1737'},\n",
       "    'population': {'datatype': 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal',\n",
       "     'type': 'literal',\n",
       "     'value': '397139'},\n",
       "    'gnd': {'type': 'literal', 'value': '4063944-7'}},\n",
       "   {'country': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41358'},\n",
       "    'capital': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13298'},\n",
       "    'population': {'datatype': 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal',\n",
       "     'type': 'literal',\n",
       "     'value': '1246395'},\n",
       "    'gnd': {'type': 'literal', 'value': '4057092-7'}},\n",
       "   {'country': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41967'},\n",
       "    'capital': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41329'},\n",
       "    'population': {'datatype': 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal',\n",
       "     'type': 'literal',\n",
       "     'value': '1490279'},\n",
       "    'gnd': {'type': 'literal', 'value': '4075560-5'}},\n",
       "   {'country': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q42497'},\n",
       "    'capital': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q82500'},\n",
       "    'population': {'datatype': 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal',\n",
       "     'type': 'literal',\n",
       "     'value': '1684287'},\n",
       "    'gnd': {'type': 'literal', 'value': '4075391-8'}},\n",
       "   {'country': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43210'},\n",
       "    'capital': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q126321'},\n",
       "    'population': {'datatype': 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal',\n",
       "     'type': 'literal',\n",
       "     'value': '294436'},\n",
       "    'gnd': {'type': 'literal', 'value': '4009114-4'}},\n",
       "   {'country': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43325'},\n",
       "    'capital': {'type': 'uri',\n",
       "     'value': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34713'},\n",
       "    'population': {'datatype': 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal',\n",
       "     'type': 'literal',\n",
       "     'value': '558410'},\n",
       "    'gnd': {'type': 'literal', 'value': '4051423-7'}}]}}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 24,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>capital.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>country.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>gnd.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>population.value</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41753</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37985</td>\n",
       "      <td>4029175-3</td>\n",
       "      <td>561293</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1737</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38981</td>\n",
       "      <td>4063944-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>397139</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13298</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41358</td>\n",
       "      <td>4057092-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>1246395</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41329</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41967</td>\n",
       "      <td>4075560-5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1490279</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q82500</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q42497</td>\n",
       "      <td>4075391-8</td>\n",
       "      <td>1684287</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q126321</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43210</td>\n",
       "      <td>4009114-4</td>\n",
       "      <td>294436</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34713</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43325</td>\n",
       "      <td>4051423-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>558410</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                            capital.value                          country.value  gnd.value  \\\n",
       "0   http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41753  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q37985  4029175-3   \n",
       "1    http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1737  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38981  4063944-7   \n",
       "2   http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13298  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41358  4057092-7   \n",
       "3   http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41329  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41967  4075560-5   \n",
       "4   http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q82500  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q42497  4075391-8   \n",
       "5  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q126321  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43210  4009114-4   \n",
       "6   http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34713  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q43325  4051423-7   \n",
       "\n",
       "  population.value  \n",
       "0           561293  \n",
       "1           397139  \n",
       "2          1246395  \n",
       "3          1490279  \n",
       "4          1684287  \n",
       "5           294436  \n",
       "6           558410  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df = pd.json_normalize(results['results']['bindings'])\n",
    "results_df[['capital.value', 'country.value', 'gnd.value', 'population.value']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sparql.setQuery(\"\"\"\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "  ?country ?countryLabel ?population ?gnd ?capital ?capitalLabel\n",
    "WHERE {\n",
    "  ?country wdt:P31 wd:Q261543.\n",
    "  ?country wdt:P1082 ?population .\n",
    "  ?country wdt:P227 ?gnd .\n",
    "  ?country wdt:P36 ?capital\n",
    "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language \"[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en\". }\n",
    "}\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)\n",
    "results = sparql.query().convert()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>capitalLabel.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>countryLabel.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>gnd.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>population.value</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Klagenfurt</td>\n",
       "      <td>Carinthia</td>\n",
       "      <td>4029175-3</td>\n",
       "      <td>561293</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Bregenz</td>\n",
       "      <td>Vorarlberg</td>\n",
       "      <td>4063944-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>397139</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Graz</td>\n",
       "      <td>Styria</td>\n",
       "      <td>4057092-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>1246395</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Linz</td>\n",
       "      <td>Upper Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>4075560-5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1490279</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>St. Pölten</td>\n",
       "      <td>Lower Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>4075391-8</td>\n",
       "      <td>1684287</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>Eisenstadt</td>\n",
       "      <td>Burgenland</td>\n",
       "      <td>4009114-4</td>\n",
       "      <td>294436</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>Salzburg</td>\n",
       "      <td>Salzburg</td>\n",
       "      <td>4051423-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>558410</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  capitalLabel.value countryLabel.value  gnd.value population.value\n",
       "0         Klagenfurt          Carinthia  4029175-3           561293\n",
       "1            Bregenz         Vorarlberg  4063944-7           397139\n",
       "2               Graz             Styria  4057092-7          1246395\n",
       "3               Linz      Upper Austria  4075560-5          1490279\n",
       "4         St. Pölten      Lower Austria  4075391-8          1684287\n",
       "5         Eisenstadt         Burgenland  4009114-4           294436\n",
       "6           Salzburg           Salzburg  4051423-7           558410"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df = pd.json_normalize(results['results']['bindings'])\n",
    "results_df[['capitalLabel.value', 'countryLabel.value', 'gnd.value', 'population.value']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "source": [
    "# Combining graph patterns in SPARQL\n",
    "* Conjunction:  A . B >> Join results of solving A and B\n",
    "* Left join: A OPTIONAL { B } >> keep all the results from A whether or not there are results from B\n",
    "* Disjunction: { A } UNION { B } >> keep results from solving A and solving B\n",
    "* Negation: A MINUS { B } >> Keep only those results from A that are not compatible with B"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sparql.setQuery(\"\"\"\n",
    "SELECT \n",
    "  ?country ?countryLabel ?population ?gnd ?capital ?capitalLabel\n",
    "WHERE {\n",
    "  ?country wdt:P31 wd:Q261543.\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P1082 ?population }\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P227 ?gnd }\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P36 ?capital }\n",
    "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language \"[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en\". }\n",
    "}\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)\n",
    "results = sparql.query().convert()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>capitalLabel.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>countryLabel.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>gnd.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>population.value</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>Vienna</td>\n",
       "      <td>4066009-6</td>\n",
       "      <td>1911191</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Klagenfurt</td>\n",
       "      <td>Carinthia</td>\n",
       "      <td>4029175-3</td>\n",
       "      <td>561293</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Bregenz</td>\n",
       "      <td>Vorarlberg</td>\n",
       "      <td>4063944-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>397139</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Graz</td>\n",
       "      <td>Styria</td>\n",
       "      <td>4057092-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>1246395</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Linz</td>\n",
       "      <td>Upper Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>4075560-5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1490279</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>St. Pölten</td>\n",
       "      <td>Lower Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>4075391-8</td>\n",
       "      <td>1684287</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>Innsbruck</td>\n",
       "      <td>Tyrol</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>757634</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>Eisenstadt</td>\n",
       "      <td>Burgenland</td>\n",
       "      <td>4009114-4</td>\n",
       "      <td>294436</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>Salzburg</td>\n",
       "      <td>Salzburg</td>\n",
       "      <td>4051423-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>558410</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  capitalLabel.value countryLabel.value  gnd.value population.value\n",
       "0                NaN             Vienna  4066009-6          1911191\n",
       "1         Klagenfurt          Carinthia  4029175-3           561293\n",
       "2            Bregenz         Vorarlberg  4063944-7           397139\n",
       "3               Graz             Styria  4057092-7          1246395\n",
       "4               Linz      Upper Austria  4075560-5          1490279\n",
       "5         St. Pölten      Lower Austria  4075391-8          1684287\n",
       "6          Innsbruck              Tyrol        NaN           757634\n",
       "7         Eisenstadt         Burgenland  4009114-4           294436\n",
       "8           Salzburg           Salzburg  4051423-7           558410"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df = pd.json_normalize(results['results']['bindings'])\n",
    "results_df[['capitalLabel.value', 'countryLabel.value', 'gnd.value', 'population.value']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sparql.setQuery(\"\"\"\n",
    "SELECT DISTINCT\n",
    "  ?country ?countryLabel ?population ?gnd ?capital ?capitalLabel ?populationCapital ?populationShareCapital\n",
    "WHERE {\n",
    "  ?country wdt:P31 wd:Q261543.\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P1082 ?population }\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P227 ?gnd }\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P36 ?capital .\n",
    "          ?capital wdt:P1082 ?populationCapital\n",
    "  }\n",
    "  FILTER(str(?capitalLabel) = 'Graz')\n",
    "  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language \"[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en\". }\n",
    "}\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)\n",
    "results = sparql.query().convert()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "fragment"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Empty DataFrame\n",
       "Columns: []\n",
       "Index: []"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 46,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df = pd.json_normalize(results['results']['bindings'])\n",
    "results_df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sparql.setQuery(\"\"\"\n",
    "SELECT DISTINCT\n",
    "  ?country ?countryLabel ?population ?gnd ?capital ?capitalLabel ?populationCapital ?populationShareCapital\n",
    "WHERE {\n",
    "  ?country wdt:P31 wd:Q261543.\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P1082 ?population }\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P227 ?gnd }\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P36 ?capital .\n",
    "          ?capital wdt:P1082 ?populationCapital;\n",
    "                    rdfs:label ?labelcapital\n",
    "  }\n",
    "  FILTER(str(?labelcapital) = 'Graz')\n",
    "  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language \"[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en\". }\n",
    "}\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)\n",
    "results = sparql.query().convert()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "fragment"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>capitalLabel.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>countryLabel.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>gnd.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>population.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>populationCapital.value</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Graz</td>\n",
       "      <td>Styria</td>\n",
       "      <td>4057092-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>1246395</td>\n",
       "      <td>289440</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  capitalLabel.value countryLabel.value  gnd.value population.value populationCapital.value\n",
       "0               Graz             Styria  4057092-7          1246395                  289440"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 50,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df = pd.json_normalize(results['results']['bindings'])\n",
    "results_df[['capitalLabel.value', 'countryLabel.value', 'gnd.value', 'population.value', 'populationCapital.value']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "source": [
    "![title](img/filters_sparql.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 51,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sparql.setQuery(\"\"\"\n",
    "SELECT DISTINCT\n",
    "  ?country ?countryLabel ?population ?gnd ?capital ?capitalLabel ?populationCapital ?populationShareCapital\n",
    "WHERE {\n",
    "  ?country wdt:P31 wd:Q261543.\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P1082 ?population }\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P227 ?gnd }\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P36 ?capital .\n",
    "          ?capital wdt:P1082 ?populationCapital\n",
    "  }\n",
    "  BIND(?populationCapital / ?population AS ?populationShareCapital)\n",
    "  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language \"[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en\". }\n",
    "}\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)\n",
    "results = sparql.query().convert()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>capitalLabel.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>countryLabel.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>gnd.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>population.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>populationShareCapital.value</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Graz</td>\n",
       "      <td>Styria</td>\n",
       "      <td>4057092-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>1246395</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.23222172746200040918</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Klagenfurt</td>\n",
       "      <td>Carinthia</td>\n",
       "      <td>4029175-3</td>\n",
       "      <td>561293</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.18065965547405722145</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Salzburg</td>\n",
       "      <td>Salzburg</td>\n",
       "      <td>4051423-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>558410</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.27761143246002041511</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Bregenz</td>\n",
       "      <td>Vorarlberg</td>\n",
       "      <td>4063944-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>397139</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.0750518080571286124</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>St. Pölten</td>\n",
       "      <td>Lower Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>4075391-8</td>\n",
       "      <td>1684287</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.03295994091268293349</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>Linz</td>\n",
       "      <td>Upper Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>4075560-5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1490279</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.13745479873231790826</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>Innsbruck</td>\n",
       "      <td>Tyrol</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>757634</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.17487731543198958864</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>Eisenstadt</td>\n",
       "      <td>Burgenland</td>\n",
       "      <td>4009114-4</td>\n",
       "      <td>294436</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.04916518360526566045</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>Vienna</td>\n",
       "      <td>4066009-6</td>\n",
       "      <td>1911191</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  capitalLabel.value countryLabel.value  gnd.value population.value populationShareCapital.value\n",
       "0               Graz             Styria  4057092-7          1246395       0.23222172746200040918\n",
       "1         Klagenfurt          Carinthia  4029175-3           561293       0.18065965547405722145\n",
       "2           Salzburg           Salzburg  4051423-7           558410       0.27761143246002041511\n",
       "3            Bregenz         Vorarlberg  4063944-7           397139        0.0750518080571286124\n",
       "4         St. Pölten      Lower Austria  4075391-8          1684287       0.03295994091268293349\n",
       "5               Linz      Upper Austria  4075560-5          1490279       0.13745479873231790826\n",
       "6          Innsbruck              Tyrol        NaN           757634       0.17487731543198958864\n",
       "7         Eisenstadt         Burgenland  4009114-4           294436       0.04916518360526566045\n",
       "8                NaN             Vienna  4066009-6          1911191                          NaN"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 53,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df = pd.json_normalize(results['results']['bindings'])\n",
    "results_df[['capitalLabel.value', 'countryLabel.value', 'gnd.value', 'population.value', 'populationShareCapital.value']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sparql.setQuery(\"\"\"\n",
    "SELECT DISTINCT\n",
    "  ?country ?countryLabel ?population ?gnd ?capital ?capitalLabel ?populationCapital ?lat_long\n",
    "WHERE {\n",
    "  ?country wdt:P31 wd:Q261543.\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P1082 ?population }\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P3529 ?medianIncome }\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P227 ?gnd }\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P36 ?capital .\n",
    "          ?capital wdt:P1082 ?populationCapital\n",
    "  }\n",
    "  OPTIONAL { ?country wdt:P625 ?lat_long }\n",
    "  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language \"[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en\". }\n",
    "}\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)\n",
    "results = sparql.query().convert()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>countryLabel.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>lat_long.value</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Vorarlberg</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(9.893888888 47.243611111)</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Tyrol</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(11.4 47.266666666)</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Burgenland</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(16.416666666 47.5)</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Upper Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(14.0 48.2)</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Lower Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(15.75 48.333333333)</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>Carinthia</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(13.8617 46.7525)</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>Styria</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(15.166666666 47.25)</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>Vienna</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(16.373064 48.20833)</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>Salzburg</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(13.364166666 47.766944444)</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  countryLabel.value                    lat_long.value\n",
       "0         Vorarlberg   Point(9.893888888 47.243611111)\n",
       "1              Tyrol          Point(11.4 47.266666666)\n",
       "2         Burgenland          Point(16.416666666 47.5)\n",
       "3      Upper Austria                  Point(14.0 48.2)\n",
       "4      Lower Austria         Point(15.75 48.333333333)\n",
       "5          Carinthia            Point(13.8617 46.7525)\n",
       "6             Styria         Point(15.166666666 47.25)\n",
       "7             Vienna         Point(16.373064 48.20833)\n",
       "8           Salzburg  Point(13.364166666 47.766944444)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 56,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df = pd.json_normalize(results['results']['bindings'])\n",
    "results_df[['countryLabel.value', 'lat_long.value',]]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 57,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Point(9.893888888 47.243611111) <class 'str'>\n",
      "Point(11.4 47.266666666) <class 'str'>\n",
      "Point(16.416666666 47.5) <class 'str'>\n",
      "Point(14.0 48.2) <class 'str'>\n",
      "Point(15.75 48.333333333) <class 'str'>\n",
      "Point(13.8617 46.7525) <class 'str'>\n",
      "Point(15.166666666 47.25) <class 'str'>\n",
      "Point(16.373064 48.20833) <class 'str'>\n",
      "Point(13.364166666 47.766944444) <class 'str'>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import re\n",
    "for idx, row in results_df.iterrows():\n",
    "    print(row['lat_long.value'], type(row['lat_long.value']))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 58,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "47.243611111 9.893888888\n",
      "47.266666666 11.4\n",
      "47.5 16.416666666\n",
      "48.2 14.0\n",
      "48.333333333 15.75\n",
      "46.7525 13.8617\n",
      "47.25 15.166666666\n",
      "48.20833 16.373064\n",
      "47.766944444 13.364166666\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for idx, row in results_df.iterrows():\n",
    "    lat_long = re.match('Point\\(([0-9\\.]+)\\s([0-9\\.]+)\\)', row['lat_long.value'])\n",
    "    if lat_long:\n",
    "        long = lat_long.group(1)\n",
    "        lat = lat_long.group(2)\n",
    "        print(lat, long)\n",
    "        results_df.at[idx, 'lat'] = lat\n",
    "        results_df.at[idx, 'long'] = long"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 59,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>countryLabel.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>lat_long.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>lat</th>\n",
       "      <th>long</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Vorarlberg</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(9.893888888 47.243611111)</td>\n",
       "      <td>47.243611111</td>\n",
       "      <td>9.893888888</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Tyrol</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(11.4 47.266666666)</td>\n",
       "      <td>47.266666666</td>\n",
       "      <td>11.4</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Burgenland</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(16.416666666 47.5)</td>\n",
       "      <td>47.5</td>\n",
       "      <td>16.416666666</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Upper Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(14.0 48.2)</td>\n",
       "      <td>48.2</td>\n",
       "      <td>14.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Lower Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(15.75 48.333333333)</td>\n",
       "      <td>48.333333333</td>\n",
       "      <td>15.75</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>Carinthia</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(13.8617 46.7525)</td>\n",
       "      <td>46.7525</td>\n",
       "      <td>13.8617</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>Styria</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(15.166666666 47.25)</td>\n",
       "      <td>47.25</td>\n",
       "      <td>15.166666666</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>Vienna</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(16.373064 48.20833)</td>\n",
       "      <td>48.20833</td>\n",
       "      <td>16.373064</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>Salzburg</td>\n",
       "      <td>Point(13.364166666 47.766944444)</td>\n",
       "      <td>47.766944444</td>\n",
       "      <td>13.364166666</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  countryLabel.value                    lat_long.value           lat          long\n",
       "0         Vorarlberg   Point(9.893888888 47.243611111)  47.243611111   9.893888888\n",
       "1              Tyrol          Point(11.4 47.266666666)  47.266666666          11.4\n",
       "2         Burgenland          Point(16.416666666 47.5)          47.5  16.416666666\n",
       "3      Upper Austria                  Point(14.0 48.2)          48.2          14.0\n",
       "4      Lower Austria         Point(15.75 48.333333333)  48.333333333         15.75\n",
       "5          Carinthia            Point(13.8617 46.7525)       46.7525       13.8617\n",
       "6             Styria         Point(15.166666666 47.25)         47.25  15.166666666\n",
       "7             Vienna         Point(16.373064 48.20833)      48.20833     16.373064\n",
       "8           Salzburg  Point(13.364166666 47.766944444)  47.766944444  13.364166666"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 59,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df[['countryLabel.value', 'lat_long.value', 'lat', 'long']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 60,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "application/vnd.jupyter.widget-view+json": {
       "model_id": "1c91d55f87b64ce38f0ab57afea29d07",
       "version_major": 2,
       "version_minor": 0
      },
      "text/plain": [
       "Map(center=['47.243611111', '9.893888888'], controls=(ZoomControl(options=['position', 'zoom_in_text', 'zoom_i…"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from ipyleaflet import Map, basemaps, basemap_to_tiles, Marker\n",
    "watercolor = basemap_to_tiles(basemaps.Stamen.Watercolor)\n",
    "center = (results_df.at[0, 'lat'], results_df.at[0, 'long'])\n",
    "m = Map(layers=(watercolor, ), center=center, zoom=3)\n",
    "marker = Marker(location=center, draggable=False)\n",
    "m.add_layer(marker)\n",
    "m"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 61,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from ipyleaflet import Map, basemaps, basemap_to_tiles, Marker\n",
    "watercolor = basemap_to_tiles(basemaps.Stamen.Watercolor)\n",
    "center = (results_df.at[0, 'lat'], results_df.at[0, 'long'])\n",
    "m = Map(layers=(watercolor, ), center=center, zoom=6)\n",
    "marker = Marker(location=center, draggable=False)\n",
    "m.add_layer(marker)\n",
    "for idx, row in results_df.loc[1:,:].iterrows():\n",
    "    center = (row['lat'], row['long'])\n",
    "    marker = Marker(location=center, draggable=False)\n",
    "    m.add_layer(marker)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 62,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "application/vnd.jupyter.widget-view+json": {
       "model_id": "646042591f414b24bf3c4c6a84b35021",
       "version_major": 2,
       "version_minor": 0
      },
      "text/plain": [
       "Map(center=['47.243611111', '9.893888888'], controls=(ZoomControl(options=['position', 'zoom_in_text', 'zoom_i…"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "m"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>capitalLabel.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>countryLabel.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>gnd.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>population.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>lat</th>\n",
       "      <th>long</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Bregenz</td>\n",
       "      <td>Vorarlberg</td>\n",
       "      <td>4063944-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>397139</td>\n",
       "      <td>47.243611111</td>\n",
       "      <td>9.893888888</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Innsbruck</td>\n",
       "      <td>Tyrol</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>757634</td>\n",
       "      <td>47.266666666</td>\n",
       "      <td>11.4</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Eisenstadt</td>\n",
       "      <td>Burgenland</td>\n",
       "      <td>4009114-4</td>\n",
       "      <td>294436</td>\n",
       "      <td>47.5</td>\n",
       "      <td>16.416666666</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Linz</td>\n",
       "      <td>Upper Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>4075560-5</td>\n",
       "      <td>1490279</td>\n",
       "      <td>48.2</td>\n",
       "      <td>14.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>St. Pölten</td>\n",
       "      <td>Lower Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>4075391-8</td>\n",
       "      <td>1684287</td>\n",
       "      <td>48.333333333</td>\n",
       "      <td>15.75</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>Klagenfurt</td>\n",
       "      <td>Carinthia</td>\n",
       "      <td>4029175-3</td>\n",
       "      <td>561293</td>\n",
       "      <td>46.7525</td>\n",
       "      <td>13.8617</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>Graz</td>\n",
       "      <td>Styria</td>\n",
       "      <td>4057092-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>1246395</td>\n",
       "      <td>47.25</td>\n",
       "      <td>15.166666666</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>Vienna</td>\n",
       "      <td>4066009-6</td>\n",
       "      <td>1911191</td>\n",
       "      <td>48.20833</td>\n",
       "      <td>16.373064</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>Salzburg</td>\n",
       "      <td>Salzburg</td>\n",
       "      <td>4051423-7</td>\n",
       "      <td>558410</td>\n",
       "      <td>47.766944444</td>\n",
       "      <td>13.364166666</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  capitalLabel.value countryLabel.value  gnd.value population.value           lat          long\n",
       "0            Bregenz         Vorarlberg  4063944-7           397139  47.243611111   9.893888888\n",
       "1          Innsbruck              Tyrol        NaN           757634  47.266666666          11.4\n",
       "2         Eisenstadt         Burgenland  4009114-4           294436          47.5  16.416666666\n",
       "3               Linz      Upper Austria  4075560-5          1490279          48.2          14.0\n",
       "4         St. Pölten      Lower Austria  4075391-8          1684287  48.333333333         15.75\n",
       "5         Klagenfurt          Carinthia  4029175-3           561293       46.7525       13.8617\n",
       "6               Graz             Styria  4057092-7          1246395         47.25  15.166666666\n",
       "7                NaN             Vienna  4066009-6          1911191      48.20833     16.373064\n",
       "8           Salzburg           Salzburg  4051423-7           558410  47.766944444  13.364166666"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 63,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df[['capitalLabel.value', 'countryLabel.value', 'gnd.value', 'population.value', 'lat', 'long']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "url = 'https://histogis.acdh-dev.oeaw.ac.at/api/where-was'\n",
    "res_geo = []\n",
    "for idx, row in results_df.iterrows():\n",
    "    params = {'lat': row['lat'], 'lng': row['long'], 'when': '1870'}\n",
    "    res = requests.get(url, params=params)\n",
    "    df_geo = pd.json_normalize(res.json()['features'])\n",
    "    df_geo.at[:,'wikidata'] = row['country.value']\n",
    "    res_geo.append(df_geo)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 66,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "fragment"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>@id</th>\n",
       "      <th>names</th>\n",
       "      <th>properties.adm_name</th>\n",
       "      <th>properties.start_date</th>\n",
       "      <th>properties.end_date</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>https://histogis.acdh-dev.oeaw.ac.at/shapes/permalink/76fd6f326ca1fafb910135...</td>\n",
       "      <td>[{'toponym': 'Bludenz'}]</td>\n",
       "      <td>District Captaincy</td>\n",
       "      <td>1868-08-31</td>\n",
       "      <td>1870-05-31</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                                                                               @id  \\\n",
       "0  https://histogis.acdh-dev.oeaw.ac.at/shapes/permalink/76fd6f326ca1fafb910135...   \n",
       "\n",
       "                      names properties.adm_name properties.start_date properties.end_date  \n",
       "0  [{'toponym': 'Bludenz'}]  District Captaincy            1868-08-31          1870-05-31  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 66,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "res_geo[0][['@id', 'names', 'properties.adm_name', 'properties.start_date', 'properties.end_date']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 67,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<a href=\"https://histogis.acdh-dev.oeaw.ac.at/shapes/permalink/76fd6f326ca1fafb91013578f92ec827/\">https://histogis.acdh-dev.oeaw.ac.at/shapes/permalink/76fd6f326ca1fafb91013578f92ec827/</a>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 67,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "url = res_geo[0].at[0, '@id']\n",
    "HTML('<a href=\"{}\">{}</a>'.format(url, url))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 68,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "fragment"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<a href=\"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38981\">http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38981</a>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 68,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "url = res_geo[0].at[0, 'wikidata']\n",
    "HTML('<a href=\"{}\">{}</a>'.format(url, url))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "source": [
    "### Example request to lobid"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 69,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "fragment"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import requests"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 70,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "fragment"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "headers = {'accept': 'application/json'}\n",
    "params = {'q': 'preferredName:Kreisky, Bruno', 'filter': 'type:Person'}\n",
    "url = 'https://lobid.org/gnd/search'\n",
    "res = requests.get(url, params=params, headers=headers)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 71,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "fragment"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<Response [200]>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 71,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "res"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 72,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'@context': 'https://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld',\n",
       " 'id': 'https://lobid.org/gnd/search?q=preferredName%3AKreisky%2C+Bruno&filter=type%3APerson',\n",
       " 'totalItems': 3,\n",
       " 'member': [{'professionOrOccupation': [{'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4046517-2',\n",
       "     'label': 'Politiker'}],\n",
       "   'placeOfBirth': [{'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4066009-6',\n",
       "     'label': 'Wien'}],\n",
       "   'gender': [{'id': 'https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gender#male',\n",
       "     'label': 'Männlich'}],\n",
       "   'dateOfDeath': ['1990-07-29'],\n",
       "   'placeOfExile': [{'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4077258-5',\n",
       "     'label': 'Schweden'}],\n",
       "   'dateOfBirth': ['1911-01-22'],\n",
       "   'placeOfDeath': [{'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4066009-6',\n",
       "     'label': 'Wien'}],\n",
       "   'familialRelationship': [{'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/121036073',\n",
       "     'label': 'Kreisky, Eva'}],\n",
       "   'type': ['Person', 'DifferentiatedPerson', 'AuthorityResource'],\n",
       "   '@context': 'http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld',\n",
       "   'gndSubjectCategory': [{'id': 'https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gnd-sc#16.5p',\n",
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  {
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   "execution_count": 73,
   "metadata": {
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   "execution_count": 74,
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       "      <th>@context</th>\n",
       "      <th>preferredName</th>\n",
       "      <th>describedBy.id</th>\n",
       "      <th>biographicalOrHistoricalInformation</th>\n",
       "      <th>dateOfBirth</th>\n",
       "      <th>dateOfDeath</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld</td>\n",
       "      <td>Kreisky, Bruno</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/118566512/about</td>\n",
       "      <td>[Bundeskanzler 1970-1983, Politiker, Oesterreich]</td>\n",
       "      <td>[1911-01-22]</td>\n",
       "      <td>[1990-07-29]</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld</td>\n",
       "      <td>Kreisky, Peter</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/170686299/about</td>\n",
       "      <td>[seit 1973 Mitarbeiter der Wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Abteilung der Arbei...</td>\n",
       "      <td>[1944]</td>\n",
       "      <td>[2010]</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld</td>\n",
       "      <td>Kreisky, Eva</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/121036073/about</td>\n",
       "      <td>[Österr. Prof. für Politikwissenschaft mit Schwerpunkt politische Theorie un...</td>\n",
       "      <td>[1944-08-08]</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                              @context   preferredName                         describedBy.id  \\\n",
       "0  http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld  Kreisky, Bruno  https://d-nb.info/gnd/118566512/about   \n",
       "1  http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld  Kreisky, Peter  https://d-nb.info/gnd/170686299/about   \n",
       "2  http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld    Kreisky, Eva  https://d-nb.info/gnd/121036073/about   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                               biographicalOrHistoricalInformation   dateOfBirth  \\\n",
       "0                                [Bundeskanzler 1970-1983, Politiker, Oesterreich]  [1911-01-22]   \n",
       "1  [seit 1973 Mitarbeiter der Wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Abteilung der Arbei...        [1944]   \n",
       "2  [Österr. Prof. für Politikwissenschaft mit Schwerpunkt politische Theorie un...  [1944-08-08]   \n",
       "\n",
       "    dateOfDeath  \n",
       "0  [1990-07-29]  \n",
       "1        [2010]  \n",
       "2           NaN  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 74,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "res_df[['@context', 'preferredName', 'describedBy.id', 'biographicalOrHistoricalInformation', 'dateOfBirth', 'dateOfDeath']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 75,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "headers = {'accept': 'application/json'}\n",
    "params = {'q': 'preferredName:Graz', 'filter': 'type:TerritorialCorporateBodyOrAdministrativeUnit'}\n",
    "url = 'https://lobid.org/gnd/search'\n",
    "res = requests.get(url, params=params, headers=headers)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 76,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "fragment"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<Response [200]>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 76,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "res"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 77,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'@context': 'https://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld',\n",
       " 'id': 'https://lobid.org/gnd/search?q=preferredName%3AGraz&filter=type%3ATerritorialCorporateBodyOrAdministrativeUnit',\n",
       " 'totalItems': 38,\n",
       " 'member': [{'type': ['AuthorityResource',\n",
       "    'TerritorialCorporateBodyOrAdministrativeUnit',\n",
       "    'PlaceOrGeographicName'],\n",
       "   '@context': 'http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld',\n",
       "   'oldAuthorityNumber': ['(DE-588b)10097697-9',\n",
       "    '(DE-588)2028261-8',\n",
       "    '(DE-588c)4021912-4',\n",
       "    '(DE-588b)2028261-8'],\n",
       "   'geographicAreaCode': [{'id': 'https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-AT-6',\n",
       "     'label': 'Österreich'}],\n",
       "   'hasGeometry': [{'asWKT': ['Point ( +015.450000 +047.066666 )'],\n",
       "     'type': 'Point'}],\n",
       "   'deprecatedUri': ['https://d-nb.info/gnd/2028261-8'],\n",
       "   'biographicalOrHistoricalInformation': ['Hauptstadt der Steiermark, 1128/29 urkundl. erwähnt, 1172 Markt, 1189 Stadt'],\n",
       "   'relatedDdcWithDegreeOfDeterminacy4': [{'id': 'http://dewey.info/class/2--43655/',\n",
       "     'label': 'http://dewey.info/class/2--43655/'}],\n",
       "   'describedBy': {'license': {'id': 'http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/',\n",
       "     'label': 'http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/'},\n",
       "    'dateModified': '2021-03-01T12:54:53.000',\n",
       "    'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4021912-4/about'},\n",
       "   'gndIdentifier': '4021912-4',\n",
       "   'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4021912-4',\n",
       "   'preferredName': 'Graz',\n",
       "   'wikipedia': [{'id': 'https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graz',\n",
       "     'label': 'https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graz'}],\n",
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       "    'Graecium',\n",
       "    'Graecii',\n",
       "    'Gradc',\n",
       "    'Graezi',\n",
       "    'Stadt Graz',\n",
       "    'Graecia',\n",
       "    'Graetz',\n",
       "    'Gracia',\n",
       "    'Gracensis',\n",
       "    'Štýrský Hradec',\n",
       "    'Graecii Styrorum',\n",
       "    'Gräz',\n",
       "    'Grecium Styriae',\n",
       "    'Grätz (Graz)',\n",
       "    'Grätz'],\n",
       "   'homepage': [{'id': 'https://www.graz.at/',\n",
       "     'label': 'https://www.graz.at/'}],\n",
       "   'sameAs': [{'id': 'http://id.loc.gov/rwo/agents/n79064653',\n",
       "     'collection': {'icon': 'http://www.loc.gov/favicon.ico',\n",
       "      'name': 'NACO Authority File',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'Library of Congress',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13219454',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'LC'}},\n",
       "    {'collection': {'name': 'GeoNames',\n",
       "      'icon': 'http://www.geonames.org/geonames.ico',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'GeoNames',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q830106',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'geonames'},\n",
       "     'id': 'http://sws.geonames.org/2778067'},\n",
       "    {'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/160255975',\n",
       "     'collection': {'icon': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/images/viaf.ico',\n",
       "      'name': 'Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'OCLC',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q54919',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'VIAF'}},\n",
       "    {'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13298',\n",
       "     'collection': {'icon': 'https://www.wikidata.org/static/favicon/wikidata.ico',\n",
       "      'name': 'Wikidata',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'Wikimedia Foundation Inc.',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2013',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'WIKIDATA'}},\n",
       "    {'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/2028261-8',\n",
       "     'collection': {'icon': 'http://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/StyleBundles/Bilder/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=1',\n",
       "      'name': 'Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'DNB'}},\n",
       "    {'collection': {'name': 'Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek',\n",
       "      'icon': 'https://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/Frontend/DNBWeb/Images/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=4',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'DNB'},\n",
       "     'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4021912-4/about'},\n",
       "    {'collection': {'name': 'Wikipedia (Deutsch)',\n",
       "      'icon': 'https://de.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'Wikimedia Foundation Inc.',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48183',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'dewiki'},\n",
       "     'id': 'https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graz'},\n",
       "    {'collection': {'name': 'Wikisource',\n",
       "      'icon': 'https://wikisource.org/static/favicon/wikisource.ico',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'Wikimedia Foundation Inc.',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q263',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'WIKISOURCE'},\n",
       "     'id': 'https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Graz'},\n",
       "    {'collection': {'name': 'Wikipedia (English)',\n",
       "      'icon': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'Wikimedia Foundation Inc.',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q328',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'enwiki'},\n",
       "     'id': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graz'},\n",
       "    {'collection': {'name': 'Kalliope Verbundkatalog',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz',\n",
       "      'id': 'https://kalliope-verbund.info',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'DE-611'},\n",
       "     'id': 'https://kalliope-verbund.info/gnd/4021912-4'},\n",
       "    {'id': 'https://sws.geonames.org/2778067',\n",
       "     'collection': {'id': 'https://sws.geonames.org'}}],\n",
       "   'depiction': [{'thumbnail': 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AUT%20Graz%20COA.svg?width=270',\n",
       "     'id': 'http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AUT%20Graz%20COA.svg',\n",
       "     'url': 'https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AUT%20Graz%20COA.svg?uselang=de'}]},\n",
       "  {'geographicAreaCode': [{'id': 'https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-AT-6',\n",
       "     'label': 'Österreich'}],\n",
       "   'deprecatedUri': ['https://d-nb.info/gnd/408676-4'],\n",
       "   'describedBy': {'license': {'id': 'http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/',\n",
       "     'label': 'http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/'},\n",
       "    'dateModified': '2013-09-25T05:02:49.000',\n",
       "    'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4325211-4/about'},\n",
       "   'gndIdentifier': '4325211-4',\n",
       "   'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4325211-4',\n",
       "   'preferredName': 'Graz-Jakomini',\n",
       "   'type': ['AuthorityResource',\n",
       "    'PlaceOrGeographicName',\n",
       "    'TerritorialCorporateBodyOrAdministrativeUnit'],\n",
       "   'variantName': ['Graz / Bezirk (6)', 'Jakomini'],\n",
       "   '@context': 'http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld',\n",
       "   'oldAuthorityNumber': ['(DE-588c)4325211-4',\n",
       "    '(DE-588b)408676-4',\n",
       "    '(DE-588)408676-4'],\n",
       "   'sameAs': [{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/236518932',\n",
       "     'collection': {'icon': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/images/viaf.ico',\n",
       "      'name': 'Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'OCLC',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q54919',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'VIAF'}},\n",
       "    {'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/408676-4',\n",
       "     'collection': {'icon': 'http://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/StyleBundles/Bilder/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=1',\n",
       "      'name': 'Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'DNB'}},\n",
       "    {'collection': {'name': 'Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek',\n",
       "      'icon': 'https://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/Frontend/DNBWeb/Images/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=4',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'DNB'},\n",
       "     'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4325211-4/about'}]},\n",
       "  {'geographicAreaCode': [{'id': 'https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-AT-6',\n",
       "     'label': 'Österreich'}],\n",
       "   'succeedingPlaceOrGeographicName': [{'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4288430-5',\n",
       "     'label': 'Graz-Waltendorf'}],\n",
       "   'relatedDdcWithDegreeOfDeterminacy2': [{'id': 'http://dewey.info/class/2--4365/',\n",
       "     'label': 'http://dewey.info/class/2--4365/'}],\n",
       "   'describedBy': {'license': {'id': 'http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/',\n",
       "     'label': 'http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/'},\n",
       "    'dateModified': '2019-03-01T16:44:53.000',\n",
       "    'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4290358-0/about'},\n",
       "   'gndIdentifier': '4290358-0',\n",
       "   'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4290358-0',\n",
       "   'preferredName': 'Waltendorf (Graz)',\n",
       "   'type': ['PlaceOrGeographicName',\n",
       "    'TerritorialCorporateBodyOrAdministrativeUnit',\n",
       "    'AuthorityResource'],\n",
       "   '@context': 'http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld',\n",
       "   'dateOfTermination': ['1938'],\n",
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       "      'publisher': 'OCLC',\n",
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       "      'publisher': 'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'DNB'},\n",
       "     'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4290358-0/about'}]},\n",
       "  {'geographicAreaCode': [{'id': 'https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-AT-6',\n",
       "     'label': 'Österreich'}],\n",
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       "     'label': 'http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/'},\n",
       "    'dateModified': '2020-02-21T05:36:39.000',\n",
       "    'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4464011-0/about'},\n",
       "   'gndIdentifier': '4464011-0',\n",
       "   'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4464011-0',\n",
       "   'preferredName': 'Graz-Geidorf',\n",
       "   'type': ['TerritorialCorporateBodyOrAdministrativeUnit',\n",
       "    'AuthorityResource',\n",
       "    'PlaceOrGeographicName'],\n",
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       "      'publisher': 'OCLC',\n",
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       "      'name': 'Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'DNB'}},\n",
       "    {'collection': {'name': 'Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek',\n",
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       "      'publisher': 'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek',\n",
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       "     'label': 'Graz-Ries'}],\n",
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       "     'label': 'http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/'},\n",
       "    'dateModified': '2019-01-24T08:13:34.000',\n",
       "    'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4290717-2/about'},\n",
       "   'gndIdentifier': '4290717-2',\n",
       "   'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4290717-2',\n",
       "   'preferredName': 'Ries (Graz)',\n",
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       "      'abbr': 'VIAF'}},\n",
       "    {'collection': {'name': 'Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek',\n",
       "      'icon': 'https://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/Frontend/DNBWeb/Images/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=4',\n",
       "      'publisher': 'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek',\n",
       "      'id': 'http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578',\n",
       "      'abbr': 'DNB'},\n",
       "     'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4290717-2/about'}]},\n",
       "  {'geographicAreaCode': [{'id': 'https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-AT-6',\n",
       "     'label': 'Österreich'}],\n",
       "   'deprecatedUri': ['https://d-nb.info/gnd/10035005-7'],\n",
       "   'describedBy': {'license': {'id': 'http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/',\n",
       "     'label': 'http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/'},\n",
       "    'dateModified': '2018-02-01T06:46:25.000',\n",
       "    'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4438909-7/about'},\n",
       "   'gndIdentifier': '4438909-7',\n",
       "   'id': 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/4438909-7',\n",
       "   'preferredName': 'Graz-Andritz',\n",
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       "    'TerritorialCorporateBodyOrAdministrativeUnit',\n",
       "    'AuthorityResource'],\n",
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       "   'gndIdentifier': '4353405-3',\n",
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       "      'publisher': 'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek',\n",
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       "      'abbr': 'DNB'},\n",
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       "      'abbr': 'dewiki'},\n",
       "     'id': 'https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hart_bei_Graz'},\n",
       "    {'collection': {'name': 'Wikipedia (English)',\n",
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       "      'abbr': 'enwiki'},\n",
       "     'id': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hart_bei_Graz'}]}],\n",
       " 'aggregation': {'gndSubjectCategory.id': [],\n",
       "  'professionOrOccupation.id': [],\n",
       "  'geographicAreaCode.id': [{'key': 'https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-AT-6',\n",
       "    'doc_count': 35},\n",
       "   {'key': 'https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-AT',\n",
       "    'doc_count': 3},\n",
       "   {'key': 'https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-AAAT',\n",
       "    'doc_count': 1}],\n",
       "  'dateOfBirth': [],\n",
       "  'type': [{'key': 'PlaceOrGeographicName', 'doc_count': 38},\n",
       "   {'key': 'TerritorialCorporateBodyOrAdministrativeUnit', 'doc_count': 38},\n",
       "   {'key': 'AdministrativeUnit', 'doc_count': 2}]}}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 77,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "res.json()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 79,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "res_dict = res.json()\n",
    "res_df = pd.json_normalize(res_dict['member'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 80,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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       "                              @context      preferredName                         describedBy.id  \\\n",
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       "3  http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld       Graz-Geidorf  https://d-nb.info/gnd/4464011-0/about   \n",
       "4  http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld        Ries (Graz)  https://d-nb.info/gnd/4290717-2/about   \n",
       "5  http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld       Graz-Andritz  https://d-nb.info/gnd/4438909-7/about   \n",
       "6  http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld     Graz-Eggenberg  https://d-nb.info/gnd/4093912-1/about   \n",
       "7  http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld      Graz-Puntigam  https://d-nb.info/gnd/4438908-5/about   \n",
       "8  http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld       Graz-Gösting  https://d-nb.info/gnd/4353405-3/about   \n",
       "9  http://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld        Hart (Graz)  https://d-nb.info/gnd/4549073-9/about   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                             biographicalOrHistoricalInformation  \n",
       "0  [Hauptstadt der Steiermark, 1128/29 urkundl. erwähnt, 1172 Markt, 1189 Stadt]  \n",
       "1                                                                            NaN  \n",
       "2                                                                            NaN  \n",
       "3                                                                            NaN  \n",
       "4                                                                            NaN  \n",
       "5                                                                            NaN  \n",
       "6                                                                            NaN  \n",
       "7                                                                            NaN  \n",
       "8                                                                            NaN  \n",
       "9                                                                            NaN  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 80,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "res_df[['@context', 'preferredName', 'describedBy.id', 'biographicalOrHistoricalInformation']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 81,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>sameAs</th>\n",
       "      <th>preferredName</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>[{'id': 'http://id.loc.gov/rwo/agents/n79064653', 'collection': {'icon': 'ht...</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graz</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>[{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/236518932', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graz-Jakomini</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>[{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/233818018', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...</td>\n",
       "      <td>Waltendorf (Graz)</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>[{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/246272372', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graz-Geidorf</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>[{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/235617030', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ries (Graz)</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>[{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/235208560', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graz-Andritz</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>[{'id': 'http://sws.geonames.org/2780361', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://sw...</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graz-Eggenberg</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>[{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/234762890', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graz-Puntigam</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>[{'id': 'http://sws.geonames.org/2778255', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://sw...</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graz-Gösting</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>[{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/233877417', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...</td>\n",
       "      <td>Hart (Graz)</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                                                                            sameAs  \\\n",
       "0  [{'id': 'http://id.loc.gov/rwo/agents/n79064653', 'collection': {'icon': 'ht...   \n",
       "1  [{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/236518932', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...   \n",
       "2  [{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/233818018', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...   \n",
       "3  [{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/246272372', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...   \n",
       "4  [{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/235617030', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...   \n",
       "5  [{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/235208560', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...   \n",
       "6  [{'id': 'http://sws.geonames.org/2780361', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://sw...   \n",
       "7  [{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/234762890', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...   \n",
       "8  [{'id': 'http://sws.geonames.org/2778255', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://sw...   \n",
       "9  [{'id': 'http://viaf.org/viaf/233877417', 'collection': {'icon': 'http://via...   \n",
       "\n",
       "       preferredName  \n",
       "0               Graz  \n",
       "1      Graz-Jakomini  \n",
       "2  Waltendorf (Graz)  \n",
       "3       Graz-Geidorf  \n",
       "4        Ries (Graz)  \n",
       "5       Graz-Andritz  \n",
       "6     Graz-Eggenberg  \n",
       "7      Graz-Puntigam  \n",
       "8       Graz-Gösting  \n",
       "9        Hart (Graz)  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 81,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "res_df[['sameAs', 'preferredName']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "source": [
    "# Researchspace/Metaphacts\n",
    "* CMS based on triplestore\n",
    "* out of the box RDF navigation and viewing\n",
    "* allows to use SPARQL directly in HTML templates\n",
    "* webpack components for visualization of SPARQL results\n",
    "\n",
    "https://summer2020.acdh-dev.oeaw.ac.at/login"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from SPARQLWrapper import SPARQLWrapper, POST, BASIC"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sparql = SPARQLWrapper(\"https://triplestore.acdh-dev.oeaw.ac.at/summer2020/sparql\")\n",
    "\n",
    "sparql.setHTTPAuth(BASIC)\n",
    "sparql.setCredentials(\"\", \"\")\n",
    "sparql.setMethod(POST)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sparql.setQuery(\"\"\"\n",
    "PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>\n",
    "PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>\n",
    "PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>\n",
    "PREFIX frbroo: <http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbroo#>\n",
    "PREFIX bds: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf/search#>\n",
    "SELECT ?name ?sub ?prof_val WHERE {\n",
    "  ?sub a crm:E21_Person ;\n",
    "\t\trdfs:label ?name ;\n",
    "  \t    crm:P14i_performed ?prof .\n",
    "  ?prof rdf:value ?prof_val .\n",
    "  FILTER CONTAINS(str(?prof), \"Architekt\")\n",
    "}\n",
    "\n",
    "LIMIT 100\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)\n",
    "results = sparql.query().convert()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>prof_val.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>prof_val.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>sub.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>sub.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>name.xml:lang</th>\n",
       "      <th>name.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>name.value</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Baumeister und Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/103135/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Franz Beer</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt und Steinmetz</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/103647/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Johan Ludwig Kranner</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt und Kunstgewerbler</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/109183/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Franz Seeck</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt, Kunstgewerbler und Designer</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/114397/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Joseph Urban</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt und Fachschriftsteller</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/27139/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Heinrich Tessenow</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>95</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/68308/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Gustav Korompay</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>96</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/70018/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Karl Koechlin</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>97</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/70156/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Karl König</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>98</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/71378/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as August Kirstein</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>99</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/72104/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Alfred Keller</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>100 rows × 7 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   prof_val.type                                                           prof_val.value  \\\n",
       "0        literal                Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Baumeister und Architekt   \n",
       "1        literal                 Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt und Steinmetz   \n",
       "2        literal            Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt und Kunstgewerbler   \n",
       "3        literal  Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt, Kunstgewerbler und Designer   \n",
       "4        literal        Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt und Fachschriftsteller   \n",
       "..           ...                                                                      ...   \n",
       "95       literal                               Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt   \n",
       "96       literal                               Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt   \n",
       "97       literal                               Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt   \n",
       "98       literal                               Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt   \n",
       "99       literal                               Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt   \n",
       "\n",
       "   sub.type                             sub.value name.xml:lang name.type  \\\n",
       "0       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/103135/            de   literal   \n",
       "1       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/103647/            de   literal   \n",
       "2       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/109183/            de   literal   \n",
       "3       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/114397/            de   literal   \n",
       "4       uri   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/27139/            de   literal   \n",
       "..      ...                                   ...           ...       ...   \n",
       "95      uri   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/68308/            de   literal   \n",
       "96      uri   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/70018/            de   literal   \n",
       "97      uri   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/70156/            de   literal   \n",
       "98      uri   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/71378/            de   literal   \n",
       "99      uri   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/72104/            de   literal   \n",
       "\n",
       "                              name.value  \n",
       "0             Person known as Franz Beer  \n",
       "1   Person known as Johan Ludwig Kranner  \n",
       "2            Person known as Franz Seeck  \n",
       "3           Person known as Joseph Urban  \n",
       "4      Person known as Heinrich Tessenow  \n",
       "..                                   ...  \n",
       "95       Person known as Gustav Korompay  \n",
       "96         Person known as Karl Koechlin  \n",
       "97            Person known as Karl König  \n",
       "98       Person known as August Kirstein  \n",
       "99         Person known as Alfred Keller  \n",
       "\n",
       "[100 rows x 7 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df = pd.json_normalize(results['results']['bindings'])\n",
    "results_df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sparql.setQuery(\"\"\"\n",
    "PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>\n",
    "PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>\n",
    "PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>\n",
    "PREFIX frbroo: <http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbroo#>\n",
    "PREFIX bds: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf/search#>\n",
    "SELECT ?name ?sub ?prof_val ?rank WHERE {\n",
    "  ?sub a crm:E21_Person ;\n",
    "\t\trdfs:label ?name ;\n",
    "  \t    crm:P14i_performed ?prof .\n",
    "  ?prof rdf:value ?prof_val .\n",
    "  ?prof_val bds:search \"Architekt\" .\n",
    "  ?prof_val bds:rank ?rank .\n",
    "}\n",
    "\n",
    "LIMIT 100\n",
    "\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)\n",
    "results = sparql.query().convert()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>prof_val.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>prof_val.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>rank.datatype</th>\n",
       "      <th>rank.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>rank.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>sub.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>sub.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>name.xml:lang</th>\n",
       "      <th>name.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>name.value</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Baumeister und Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/103135/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Franz Beer</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt und Steinmetz</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>14</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/103647/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Johan Ludwig Kranner</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt und Kunstgewerbler</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>12</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/109183/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Franz Seeck</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt, Kunstgewerbler und Designer</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>17</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/114397/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Joseph Urban</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt und Fachschriftsteller</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>11</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/27139/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Heinrich Tessenow</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>95</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/68308/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Gustav Korompay</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>96</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/70018/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Karl Koechlin</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>97</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/70156/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Karl König</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>98</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/71378/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as August Kirstein</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>99</th>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/72104/</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Alfred Keller</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>100 rows × 10 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   prof_val.type                                                           prof_val.value  \\\n",
       "0        literal                Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Baumeister und Architekt   \n",
       "1        literal                 Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt und Steinmetz   \n",
       "2        literal            Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt und Kunstgewerbler   \n",
       "3        literal  Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt, Kunstgewerbler und Designer   \n",
       "4        literal        Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt und Fachschriftsteller   \n",
       "..           ...                                                                      ...   \n",
       "95       literal                               Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt   \n",
       "96       literal                               Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt   \n",
       "97       literal                               Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt   \n",
       "98       literal                               Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt   \n",
       "99       literal                               Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt   \n",
       "\n",
       "                           rank.datatype rank.type rank.value sub.type  \\\n",
       "0   http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int   literal         21      uri   \n",
       "1   http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int   literal         14      uri   \n",
       "2   http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int   literal         12      uri   \n",
       "3   http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int   literal         17      uri   \n",
       "4   http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int   literal         11      uri   \n",
       "..                                   ...       ...        ...      ...   \n",
       "95  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int   literal          3      uri   \n",
       "96  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int   literal          3      uri   \n",
       "97  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int   literal          3      uri   \n",
       "98  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int   literal          3      uri   \n",
       "99  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int   literal          3      uri   \n",
       "\n",
       "                               sub.value name.xml:lang name.type  \\\n",
       "0   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/103135/            de   literal   \n",
       "1   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/103647/            de   literal   \n",
       "2   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/109183/            de   literal   \n",
       "3   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/114397/            de   literal   \n",
       "4    http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/27139/            de   literal   \n",
       "..                                   ...           ...       ...   \n",
       "95   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/68308/            de   literal   \n",
       "96   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/70018/            de   literal   \n",
       "97   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/70156/            de   literal   \n",
       "98   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/71378/            de   literal   \n",
       "99   http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/72104/            de   literal   \n",
       "\n",
       "                              name.value  \n",
       "0             Person known as Franz Beer  \n",
       "1   Person known as Johan Ludwig Kranner  \n",
       "2            Person known as Franz Seeck  \n",
       "3           Person known as Joseph Urban  \n",
       "4      Person known as Heinrich Tessenow  \n",
       "..                                   ...  \n",
       "95       Person known as Gustav Korompay  \n",
       "96         Person known as Karl Koechlin  \n",
       "97            Person known as Karl König  \n",
       "98       Person known as August Kirstein  \n",
       "99         Person known as Alfred Keller  \n",
       "\n",
       "[100 rows x 10 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 28,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df = pd.json_normalize(results['results']['bindings'])\n",
    "results_df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sparql.setQuery(\"\"\"\n",
    "PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>\n",
    "PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>\n",
    "PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>\n",
    "PREFIX frbroo: <http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbroo#>\n",
    "PREFIX bds: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf/search#>\n",
    "PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>\n",
    "SELECT ?name ?sub ?prof_val ?uri WHERE {\n",
    "  ?sub a crm:E21_Person ;\n",
    "\t\trdfs:label ?name ;\n",
    "  \t    crm:P14i_performed ?prof .\n",
    "   OPTIONAL {?sub owl:sameAs ?uri} .\n",
    "  ?prof rdf:value ?prof_val .\n",
    "  FILTER CONTAINS(str(?prof), \"Architekt\")\n",
    "}\n",
    "\n",
    "LIMIT 100\n",
    "\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)\n",
    "results = sparql.query().convert()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>sub.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>sub.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>prof_val.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>prof_val.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>name.xml:lang</th>\n",
       "      <th>name.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>name.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>uri.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>uri.value</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92206/</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Theophil  Freiherr von Hansen</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/118545760</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92211/</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Carl Freiherr von Hasenauer</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/118546597</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92220/</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Hermann Helmer</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/118710230</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92264/</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Ferdinand Ritter von Kirschner</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/1013623398</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92690/</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Ferdinand II. Fellner</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/118686623</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>95</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/84026/</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Michael Ignaz Fellner</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/144008378</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>96</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/84110/</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Heinrich Frh. von Ferstel</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/118532634</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>97</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/84113/</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Max Frh. von Ferstel</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/135963540</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>98</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/86069/</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Julius Deininger</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/130137189</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>99</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/86256/</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Rudolf Dick</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/143951009</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>100 rows × 9 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   sub.type                            sub.value prof_val.type  \\\n",
       "0       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92206/       literal   \n",
       "1       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92211/       literal   \n",
       "2       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92220/       literal   \n",
       "3       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92264/       literal   \n",
       "4       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92690/       literal   \n",
       "..      ...                                  ...           ...   \n",
       "95      uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/84026/       literal   \n",
       "96      uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/84110/       literal   \n",
       "97      uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/84113/       literal   \n",
       "98      uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/86069/       literal   \n",
       "99      uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/86256/       literal   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                prof_val.value name.xml:lang name.type  \\\n",
       "0   Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "1   Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "2   Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "3   Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "4   Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "..                                         ...           ...       ...   \n",
       "95  Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "96  Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "97  Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "98  Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "99  Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                        name.value uri.type                         uri.value  \n",
       "0    Person known as Theophil  Freiherr von Hansen      uri   https://d-nb.info/gnd/118545760  \n",
       "1      Person known as Carl Freiherr von Hasenauer      uri   https://d-nb.info/gnd/118546597  \n",
       "2                   Person known as Hermann Helmer      uri   https://d-nb.info/gnd/118710230  \n",
       "3   Person known as Ferdinand Ritter von Kirschner      uri  https://d-nb.info/gnd/1013623398  \n",
       "4            Person known as Ferdinand II. Fellner      uri   https://d-nb.info/gnd/118686623  \n",
       "..                                             ...      ...                               ...  \n",
       "95           Person known as Michael Ignaz Fellner      uri   https://d-nb.info/gnd/144008378  \n",
       "96       Person known as Heinrich Frh. von Ferstel      uri   https://d-nb.info/gnd/118532634  \n",
       "97            Person known as Max Frh. von Ferstel      uri   https://d-nb.info/gnd/135963540  \n",
       "98                Person known as Julius Deininger      uri   https://d-nb.info/gnd/130137189  \n",
       "99                     Person known as Rudolf Dick      uri   https://d-nb.info/gnd/143951009  \n",
       "\n",
       "[100 rows x 9 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df = pd.json_normalize(results['results']['bindings'])\n",
    "results_df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sparql.setQuery(\"\"\"\n",
    "PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>\n",
    "PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>\n",
    "PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>\n",
    "PREFIX frbroo: <http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbroo#>\n",
    "PREFIX bds: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf/search#>\n",
    "PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>\n",
    "PREFIX wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/>\n",
    "PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT ?name ?sub ?prof_val ?uri ?wikidata ?citizenship_label WHERE {\n",
    "  ?sub a crm:E21_Person ;\n",
    "\t\trdfs:label ?name ;\n",
    "  \t    crm:P14i_performed ?prof .\n",
    "   OPTIONAL {?sub owl:sameAs ?uri .\n",
    "    FILTER CONTAINS(str(?uri), \"d-nb.info\") .\n",
    "    SERVICE <https://query.wikidata.org/sparql> { \n",
    "    \t?wikidata wdtn:P227 ?uri .\n",
    "      OPTIONAL {?wikidata wdt:P27 ?citizenship .\n",
    "      \t\t\t?citizenship rdfs:label ?citizenship_label\n",
    "      FILTER(lang(?citizenship_label) = 'de' || lang(?citizenship_label) = 'en')\n",
    "      }\n",
    "    }\n",
    "  } .\n",
    "  ?prof rdf:value ?prof_val .\n",
    "  FILTER CONTAINS(str(?prof), \"Architekt\")\n",
    "}\n",
    "\n",
    "LIMIT 100\n",
    "\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)\n",
    "results = sparql.query().convert()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>sub.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>sub.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>uri.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>uri.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>citizenship_label.xml:lang</th>\n",
       "      <th>citizenship_label.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>citizenship_label.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>wikidata.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>wikidata.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>prof_val.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>prof_val.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>name.xml:lang</th>\n",
       "      <th>name.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>name.value</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92206/</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/118545760</td>\n",
       "      <td>en</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q78638</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Theophil  Freiherr von Hansen</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92206/</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/118545760</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Österreich</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q78638</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Theophil  Freiherr von Hansen</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92211/</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/118546597</td>\n",
       "      <td>en</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q84541</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Carl Freiherr von Hasenauer</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92211/</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/118546597</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Österreich</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q84541</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Carl Freiherr von Hasenauer</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92220/</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/118710230</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Deutschland</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q65847</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Hermann Helmer</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>95</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/65111/</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Paul Lange</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>96</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/67741/</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as František Krásný</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>97</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/67842/</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/136441459</td>\n",
       "      <td>en</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1449935</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Franz Frh. von Krauß</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>98</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/67842/</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/136441459</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Österreich</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1449935</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Franz Frh. von Krauß</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>99</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/67842/</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>https://d-nb.info/gnd/136441459</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Österreich-Ungarn</td>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1449935</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bildende und angewandte Kunst &gt;&gt; Architekt</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Person known as Franz Frh. von Krauß</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>100 rows × 14 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   sub.type                            sub.value uri.type                        uri.value  \\\n",
       "0       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92206/      uri  https://d-nb.info/gnd/118545760   \n",
       "1       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92206/      uri  https://d-nb.info/gnd/118545760   \n",
       "2       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92211/      uri  https://d-nb.info/gnd/118546597   \n",
       "3       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92211/      uri  https://d-nb.info/gnd/118546597   \n",
       "4       uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/92220/      uri  https://d-nb.info/gnd/118710230   \n",
       "..      ...                                  ...      ...                              ...   \n",
       "95      uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/65111/      NaN                              NaN   \n",
       "96      uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/67741/      NaN                              NaN   \n",
       "97      uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/67842/      uri  https://d-nb.info/gnd/136441459   \n",
       "98      uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/67842/      uri  https://d-nb.info/gnd/136441459   \n",
       "99      uri  http://127.0.0.1:8001/entity/67842/      uri  https://d-nb.info/gnd/136441459   \n",
       "\n",
       "   citizenship_label.xml:lang citizenship_label.type citizenship_label.value wikidata.type  \\\n",
       "0                          en                literal                 Austria           uri   \n",
       "1                          de                literal              Österreich           uri   \n",
       "2                          en                literal                 Austria           uri   \n",
       "3                          de                literal              Österreich           uri   \n",
       "4                          de                literal             Deutschland           uri   \n",
       "..                        ...                    ...                     ...           ...   \n",
       "95                        NaN                    NaN                     NaN           NaN   \n",
       "96                        NaN                    NaN                     NaN           NaN   \n",
       "97                         en                literal                 Austria           uri   \n",
       "98                         de                literal              Österreich           uri   \n",
       "99                         de                literal       Österreich-Ungarn           uri   \n",
       "\n",
       "                             wikidata.value prof_val.type  \\\n",
       "0     http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q78638       literal   \n",
       "1     http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q78638       literal   \n",
       "2     http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q84541       literal   \n",
       "3     http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q84541       literal   \n",
       "4     http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q65847       literal   \n",
       "..                                      ...           ...   \n",
       "95                                      NaN       literal   \n",
       "96                                      NaN       literal   \n",
       "97  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1449935       literal   \n",
       "98  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1449935       literal   \n",
       "99  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1449935       literal   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                prof_val.value name.xml:lang name.type  \\\n",
       "0   Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "1   Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "2   Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "3   Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "4   Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "..                                         ...           ...       ...   \n",
       "95  Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "96  Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "97  Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "98  Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "99  Bildende und angewandte Kunst >> Architekt            de   literal   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                       name.value  \n",
       "0   Person known as Theophil  Freiherr von Hansen  \n",
       "1   Person known as Theophil  Freiherr von Hansen  \n",
       "2     Person known as Carl Freiherr von Hasenauer  \n",
       "3     Person known as Carl Freiherr von Hasenauer  \n",
       "4                  Person known as Hermann Helmer  \n",
       "..                                            ...  \n",
       "95                     Person known as Paul Lange  \n",
       "96               Person known as František Krásný  \n",
       "97           Person known as Franz Frh. von Krauß  \n",
       "98           Person known as Franz Frh. von Krauß  \n",
       "99           Person known as Franz Frh. von Krauß  \n",
       "\n",
       "[100 rows x 14 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df = pd.json_normalize(results['results']['bindings'])\n",
    "results_df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sparql.setQuery(\"\"\"\n",
    "PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>\n",
    "PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>\n",
    "PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>\n",
    "PREFIX frbroo: <http://iflastandards.info/ns/fr/frbr/frbroo#>\n",
    "PREFIX bds: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf/search#>\n",
    "PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>\n",
    "PREFIX wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/>\n",
    "PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>\n",
    "\n",
    "SELECT ?citizenship (COUNT(?citizenship) as ?count) ?citizenship_label WHERE {\n",
    "  ?sub a crm:E21_Person ;\n",
    "\t\trdfs:label ?name ;\n",
    "  \t    crm:P14i_performed ?prof .\n",
    "   OPTIONAL {?sub owl:sameAs ?uri .\n",
    "    FILTER CONTAINS(str(?uri), \"d-nb.info\") .\n",
    "    SERVICE <https://query.wikidata.org/sparql> { \n",
    "    \t?wikidata wdtn:P227 ?uri .\n",
    "      OPTIONAL {?wikidata wdt:P27 ?citizenship .\n",
    "      \t\t\t?citizenship rdfs:label ?citizenship_label\n",
    "      FILTER(lang(?citizenship_label) = 'de' || lang(?citizenship_label) = 'en')\n",
    "      }\n",
    "    }\n",
    "  } .\n",
    "  ?prof rdf:value ?prof_val .\n",
    "  FILTER CONTAINS(str(?prof), \"Architekt\")\n",
    "} GROUP BY ?citizenship ?citizenship_label \n",
    "\n",
    "LIMIT 100\n",
    "\n",
    "\"\"\")\n",
    "sparql.setReturnFormat(JSON)\n",
    "results = sparql.query().convert()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "subslide"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>citizenship.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>citizenship.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>citizenship_label.xml:lang</th>\n",
       "      <th>citizenship_label.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>citizenship_label.value</th>\n",
       "      <th>count.datatype</th>\n",
       "      <th>count.type</th>\n",
       "      <th>count.value</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40</td>\n",
       "      <td>en</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Austria</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>30</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Österreich</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>30</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Deutschland</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183</td>\n",
       "      <td>en</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Germany</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28513</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Österreich-Ungarn</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>13</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28513</td>\n",
       "      <td>en</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Austria-Hungary</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>13</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q131964</td>\n",
       "      <td>en</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Austrian Empire</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q131964</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Kaisertum Österreich</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>8</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q533534</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Cisleithanien</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>10</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q533534</td>\n",
       "      <td>en</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Cisleithania</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>11</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30</td>\n",
       "      <td>de</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>Vereinigte Staaten</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>12</th>\n",
       "      <td>uri</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30</td>\n",
       "      <td>en</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>United States of America</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer</td>\n",
       "      <td>literal</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   citizenship.type                       citizenship.value citizenship_label.xml:lang  \\\n",
       "0               uri      http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40                         en   \n",
       "1               uri      http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q40                         de   \n",
       "2               uri     http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183                         de   \n",
       "3               uri     http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183                         en   \n",
       "4               uri   http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28513                         de   \n",
       "5               uri   http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28513                         en   \n",
       "6               NaN                                     NaN                        NaN   \n",
       "7               uri  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q131964                         en   \n",
       "8               uri  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q131964                         de   \n",
       "9               uri  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q533534                         de   \n",
       "10              uri  http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q533534                         en   \n",
       "11              uri      http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30                         de   \n",
       "12              uri      http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30                         en   \n",
       "\n",
       "   citizenship_label.type   citizenship_label.value                            count.datatype  \\\n",
       "0                 literal                   Austria  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer   \n",
       "1                 literal                Österreich  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer   \n",
       "2                 literal               Deutschland  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer   \n",
       "3                 literal                   Germany  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer   \n",
       "4                 literal         Österreich-Ungarn  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer   \n",
       "5                 literal           Austria-Hungary  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer   \n",
       "6                     NaN                       NaN  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer   \n",
       "7                 literal           Austrian Empire  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer   \n",
       "8                 literal      Kaisertum Österreich  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer   \n",
       "9                 literal             Cisleithanien  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer   \n",
       "10                literal              Cisleithania  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer   \n",
       "11                literal        Vereinigte Staaten  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer   \n",
       "12                literal  United States of America  http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer   \n",
       "\n",
       "   count.type count.value  \n",
       "0     literal          30  \n",
       "1     literal          30  \n",
       "2     literal           9  \n",
       "3     literal           9  \n",
       "4     literal          13  \n",
       "5     literal          13  \n",
       "6     literal           0  \n",
       "7     literal           8  \n",
       "8     literal           8  \n",
       "9     literal           1  \n",
       "10    literal           1  \n",
       "11    literal           1  \n",
       "12    literal           1  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 37,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "results_df = pd.json_normalize(results['results']['bindings'])\n",
    "results_df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": "slide"
    }
   },
   "source": [
    "# Exercise\n",
    "* Use either SPARQL or Rest to enrich the data\n",
    "* You can use either Colab or head to https://summer2020.acdh-dev.oeaw.ac.at/login\n",
    "* Try to enrich the painters (\"Maler\" in German) of the ÖBL dataset with data from external reference resources:\n",
    "    - eg. filter for painters in the dataset and use federated queries to retrieve awards they received from Wikidata (Sparql)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
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